In a stand mixer with the paddle attachment, beat softened butter on medium speed until creamy. Increase speed to medium high and beat for 4 minutes.
1 cup unsalted butter
Add powdered sugar and turn mixer on low. Beat on low until powdered sugar and butter come together. You will need to scrape down the sides of the bowl once or twice.
8 ounces powdered sugar
Increase speed to medium-high and beat for 4 minutes.
Add vanilla extract and marshmallow fluff to the mixing bowl. Turn mixer on medium to incorporate ingredients, then increase mixer to medium-high and beat for a full 5 minutes, scraping down the sides and bottom of the bowl halfway through.
Add frosting to your piping bag and place in the refrigerator for 30 minutes. Don’t leave it too long or the butter will harden too much and make it impossible to pipe.
Pipe frosting onto one cupcake, then place cupcake in the refrigerator. Repeat for each cupcake until all are in the fridge. This is an important step to keep the integrity of the frosting. Allow cupcakes to chill for 30-45 minutes.
It’s important to beat the frosting for the suggested times in the recipe. Set a timer to make sure you get the full amount of time in. Beating incorporates air into the frosting which will help it become fluffy and stand up to piping.
The refrigeration steps are crucial as well. The frosting, even after placing the piping bag in the refrigerator, will begin to slowly relax. Placing them in the fridge will stop this process and help the frosting hold up.
It's important to make sure you beat the frosting for the time suggested in this post, which will typically alleviate any runny problems you might have. Set a timer to be sure. However, if you are still having difficulties getting it to stiffen up, I would suggest popping the frosting into the refrigerator for 30-45 minutes which will help the butter resolidify. If needed after chilling, run the frosting with the mixer again or simply stir it by hand. Don't try adding extra powdered sugar to the mix! Adding more powdered sugar can make it runnier because sugar dissolves.